Heart disease has become
a disease that is familiar to us. This disease is the number 3 cause of death
in the world. In fact, we can predict the emergence of an attack with signs that
exist, so that we can actively prevent it before it occurs. In women, symptoms
that arise usually are not typical. Therefore, we must calculate the potential
for attacks from afar.
Various studies have been
carried out in predicting the risk of heart attack, the most famous of which is
the Framingham Heart Study (FHS). From the FHS, a prediction model was
developed called the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), to predict the occurrence of
cardiovascular events in the next 10 years. Predictions between men and women
are slightly different, this difference arises because of the age difference in
attacks from previous cases, as well as the interaction of risk factors that
affect a person.
Calculate the risk of a heart attack through the Framingham Risk Score (FRS)
The Framingham Risk Score
(FRS) consists of several components which include age, total blood
cholesterol, smoking habits, total HDL (good cholesterol), and systolic blood
pressure.
So before calculating,
you should check the fat profile first.
This check should be
routinely carried out to find out the fat profile in the body which is strongly
influenced by a very dynamic diet. From the sum of the various components, it
will be known how risky you are for a heart attack.
Besides FHS, there are
several prediction models with other scoring systems. Various studies were
developed and are expected to be able to improve and predict more precisely,
including Reynolds Risk Score (RRS) and Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation
(SCORE).
FRS and RRS are more widely
used in groups in the United States, while SCORE is developed exclusively from
study data in European countries.
After calculating through
the table above, we must pay attention to the things below, before doing
prevention.
The following is the American
Heart Association Guide in 2011 that included other risk factors and tried to
estimate the long-term risks beyond the conventional 10-year prediction.
High risk (> 1 high risk condition)
•
Heart disease that has manifested clinically, such as
a frequent heart pounding, fatigue during activity, and chest pain.
•
Cerebrovascular disease that has manifested clinically
such as having had a stroke.
•
Peripheral arterial disease that has clinical
manifestations.
•
Chronic kidney disease.
•
Diabetes mellitus.
•
Prediction of cardiovascular risk> 10% within 10
years.
Medium risk or risk (> 1 major risk factor)
•
Smoking.
•
Blood pressure (BP) systolic> 120 mmHg and
Diastolic BP> 80 mmHg or hypertension in therapy.
•
Total cholesterol> 200 mg / dl, HDL-C <50 mg /
dL or receiving dyslipidemia.
•
Obesity, especially central obesity (distended
stomach).
•
Unhealthy eating patterns.
•
Physical inactivity.
•
Family history of early heart attacks (men aged <55
years or women aged <65) in one generation before, for example father,
mother, uncle or aunt.
•
The presence of metabolic syndrome characterized by
large abdominal circumference and poor fat profile.
•
Ability to exercise capacity as evidenced by the
treadmill weight training test or abnormal pulse recovery after stopping the
training test.
•
Vascular collagen disease due to autoimmune disorders
(lupus or rheumatois arthritis).
•
History of preeclampsia (pregnancy poisoning),
gestational diabetes (in pregnancy), or pregnancy-related hypertension.
What are the criteria for optimal heart condition?
The optimal heart
condition is the ideal condition that prevents a person from a heart attack.
All criteria must be met before the heart is declared to be in optimal
condition. Keriteria, among others:
•
Total cholesterol <200 mg / dL (without drug
therapy)
•
TD <120/80 mmHg (without drug therapy)
•
Fasting blood sugar <100 mg / dL (without drug
therapy)
•
Body mass index <25 kg / m2
•
Do not smoke
•
Physical activity for adults> 20 years: moderate
intensity exercise> 150 minutes per week, exercise intensity> 75 minutes
/ week
•
Follow a healthy diet (DASH diet or its variants)
Well, after following the
explanation above, even though you currently look fine, there are no
complaints, it's a good idea to start calculating potential that might be
experienced later on.
That way, you can
actively prevent by changing your life habits, diet, activity patterns, and
other lifestyle to be healthier. Good luck.
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